EQ-5D como herramienta para evaluar calidad de vida de osteosíntesis costal
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Objetivo: Se ha demostrado que la fijación de costillas para el tórax inestable mejora el resultado hospitalario, pero se sabe poco sobre el tratamiento de las fracturas costales múltiples y el resultado a largo plazo es escaso. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la seguridad y la calidad de vida a largo plazo después de la fijación de costillas.
Métodos: Se realizó un trabajo prospectivo que incluyó a todos los pacientes adultos con traumatismo torácico cerrado que se sometieron a fijación de costillas por tórax inestable o fracturas costales múltiples entre marzo de 2021 y marzo de 2024 en el servicio de cirugía de tórax.
Resultados: De los 140 pacientes ingresados con fracturas costales múltiples o tórax inestable, 69 (49,2%) se sometieron a fijación costal; 14 pacientes con tórax inestable (volet costal) y 55 pacientes con fractura costal múltiple con un ISS de 29 y 22, respectivamente; 71 (50,7%) pacientes quedaron en grupo de control. El EQ-5D del grupo operado fue de 0,87 en comparación con el grupo control que fue de 0,71. Tres (4,3%) pacientes tuvieron complicaciones relacionadas con el implante y a 3 (4,3 %) se les extrajo la prótesis.
Conclusiones: Demostramos que la fijación de costillas es un procedimiento seguro y que los pacientes reportaron una calidad de vida a largo plazo superior en el grupo operado en comparación al control.
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