Utilización de soportes respiratorios no invasivos post extubación en pacientes adultos críticos: revisión narrativa SRNI post extubación en adultos críticos
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La tasa de reintubación orotraqueal luego de la extubación se registra entre un 10 a 20%. La aplicación de soportes respiratorios no-invasivos (SRNI) posterior a la extubación como cánula nasal de alto-flujo, ventilación no invasiva (dos niveles de presión) y presión positiva continua en la vía aérea demostraron ser seguras y efectivas post extubación. El período pre-destete representa un momento crucial en el manejo de los pacientes críticos ya que el fracaso de la extubación, definido como la necesidad de reintubación dentro de los 2 a 7 días, demostró peores resultados al aumentar la mortalidad entre un 25-50%. Esta situación conlleva al requerimiento de ventilación mecánica prolongada, neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica y estancias prolongadas de internación. Por lo tanto, es esencial identificar a los pacientes que se beneficiarán utilizando SRNI post extubación.
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