Evaluación del control del Asma en República Dominicana: una perspectiva clínica
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Introducción: El asma es una patología respiratoria caracterizada por inflamación crónica y reversible de las vías aéreas. Esta se asocia con factores de riesgo modificables y no modificables que influyen sobre su control y exacerbaciones. En países como Puerto Rico y Cuba, la prevalencia del asma es significativamente mayor a la global (22.8 %, 23 % y 6.6 %, respectivamente).
Objetivo: Estimar el estado de asma de los pacientes adultos asmáticos que asistieron a la emergencia o a la consulta de un centro de República Dominicana a partir del absentismo y la frecuencia de exacerbaciones de la patología.
Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal de asmáticos en una clínica en República Dominicana. Tamaño de muestra de 95 participantes. Se realizaron análisis primarios y secundarios para evaluar el control del asma y las comorbilidades asociadas.
Resultados: Muestra total de 92 participantes. Todos los grupos refieren haber interrumpido la compra de medicación debido a su costo. En cuanto al absentismo laboral, los pacientes con control total perdieron 2 días laborables y los pacientes con control muy pobre se ausentaron durante 9.96 días en el transcurso del último año (p = 0.011).
Conclusión: Es importante abordar de manera integral a los pacientes con asma, con el fin de disminuir la influencia de factores que afectan de manera negativa el control de la patología.
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