Plastic Bronchitis Type 1 as a Respiratory Manifestation of a Lupus-Scleroderma-Type Connective Tissue Disease with Autoantibodies in an Indeterminate Range
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Abstract
Plastic bronchitis is a rare condition characterized by the formation of bronchial casts that cause airway obstruction and regional ventilatory impairment. The inflammatory or type 1 form has been primarily associated with infectious and allergic processes, with its coexistence with systemic autoimmune diseases being exceptional.
We present the case of a 36-year-old woman with type 1 plastic bronchitis and systemic manifestations consistent with an incompletely classified autoimmune disorder, including mucocutaneous, esophageal, hepatic, and immunological involvement. The patient showed clinical, radiological, functional, and biochemical improvement after the initiation of immunosuppression with mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and other infectious causes were ruled out.
This case highlights the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach in patients with inflammatory plastic bronchitis and coexisting systemic manifestations.
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